@MastersThesis{Guimarăes:2016:CoVaVa,
author = "Guimar{\~a}es, Bruno dos Santos",
title = "Conex{\~o}es da variabilidade do vapor d’{\'a}gua derivado dos
sat{\'e}lites GOES e METEOSAT e a circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o
troposf{\'e}rica na Am{\'e}rica do Sul",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2016",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2016-05-30",
keywords = "variabilidade diurna, vapor d’{\'a}gua, teleconex{\~a}o, diurnal
variability, water vapor, teleconnection.",
abstract = "Este trabalho analisa as conex{\~o}es da circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o
atmosf{\'e}rica de grande escala e a variabilidade do vapor
d'{\'a}gua (WV) na alta e m{\'e}dia troposfera sobre a
Am{\'e}rica do Sul (AS) durante o ver{\~a}o austral,
per{\'{\i}}odo de 2003 a 2015. Para isso, utilizou-se os
seguintes dados: imagens dos sat{\'e}lites meteorol{\'o}gicos
GOES e METEOSAT no canal WV e componentes vertical e horizontal do
vento derivado das reanalises do ERA-Interim do European Centre
for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). A metodologia
utilizada envolveu duas etapas. Primeiro, avaliou-se o
comportamento m{\'e}dio do WV sobre a AS e oceanos adjacentes,
relacionando as caracter{\'{\i}}sticas encontradas com a
circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o nos n{\'{\i}}veis altos, m{\'e}dios e
baixos. Na segunda etapa, relacionou-se a grande seca que ocorreu
em 2014 sobre a regi{\~a}o Sudeste do Brasil {\`a} eventos de
V{\'o}rtices Cicl{\^o}nicos de Altos N{\'{\i}}veis (VCANs),
por meio de um estudo de caso. A distribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o espacial
do WV sobre a AS {\'e} modulada pelas c{\'e}lulas de Hadley e
Walker. Observa-se tamb{\'e}m que a distribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o
espacial do WV se alterou ao longo dos meses de ver{\~a}o, sendo
o deslocamento meridional da ZCIT e ZCAS o principal motivo para
essas mudan{\c{c}}as. No ciclo diurno, a variabilidade do WV se
mostrou relacionada principalmente com a atividade convectiva
sobre a regi{\~a}o tropical da AS, com m{\'a}ximo entre {\`a}s
21:00 UTC e 00:00 UTC e m{\'{\i}}nimo {\`a}s 15:00 UTC. Na
segunda parte deste estudo, verificou-se que as anomalias de WV
sobre a regi{\~a}o Sudeste do Brasil em 2014 est{\~a}o
associadas a anomalias cicl{\^o}nicas em altos n{\'{\i}}veis
provocadas pela presen{\c{c}}a e persist{\^e}ncia an{\^o}malas
de VCANs sobre essa regi{\~a}o. Numa an{\'a}lise mais ampla,
constatou-se que a anomalia seca sobre a AS est{\'a} ligada com
um padr{\~a}o global de anomalias latitudinais de
circula{\c{c}}{\~o}es cicl{\^o}nicas e anticicl{\^o}nicas
alternadas entre si sobre os oceanos Atl{\^a}ntico Norte e Sul.
Associada a essas anomalias, destaca-se a corrente de jato sobre o
AN mais intensa e deslocada para noroeste. Em busca de compreender
o papel da anomalia da corrente de jato nesse novo padr{\~a}o e,
consequentemente, a influ{\^e}ncia sobre a regi{\~a}o Sudeste do
Brasil, correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es simult{\^a}neas e adiantadas
foram feitas. A mudan{\c{c}}a do comportamento da corrente de
jato exerce mais influ{\^e}ncia na circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o sobre o
Oceano Atl{\^a}ntico Norte. Uma s{\'e}rie de testes foi
realizada e os resultados sugerem que as anomalias cicl{\^o}nicas
observadas sobre a AS est{\~a}o correlacionadas com o padr{\~a}o
Pacific North American (PNA). ABSTRACT: This work analyzes the
connections of the large scale atmospheric circulation and the
variability of water vapor (WV) in the upper and middle
troposphere over South America (SA) during the austral summer of
2003 to 2015. The following data set were used: the water vapor
satellite images from GOES and METEOSAT satellite and vertical and
horizontal components of the wind derived from ERA-Interim
reanalysis of the European Center for Medium Range Weather
Forecasts (ECMWF). The methodology has involved two steps. First,
it was evaluated the average behavior of the WV on SA and adjacent
oceans, relating the features found with the atmospheric
circulation in high, medium and low levels. In the second stage,
the major drought in the southeastern Brazil in 2014 was related
to Upper Levels Cyclonic Vortex (ULCV) events, through a case
study. The spatial distribution of the WV over AS is modulated by
the Hadley and Walker cells. Over the summer months, is observed
that the spatial distribution of WV has changed, being the
southern displacement of the ITCZ and SACZ the main reason for
these changes. In the diurnal cycle, the variability of the WV it
was related to the convective activity over the tropical region of
AS, with maximum between 21:00 UTC and 00:00 UTC and minimum at
15:00 UTC. In the second stage of this study, it was verified that
the WV anomalies on Brazil's Southeast region in 2014 are
associated with cyclonic anomalies at upper levels caused by the
presence and persistence of anomalous ULCVs about this region. In
a broader analysis, it is found that the drought anomaly on the AS
is connected with a global pattern of latitudinal anomalies of
cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation alternated each other, over
the North and South Atlantic. Associated with these anomalies,
emphasis to the jet stream over the NA more intense and displaced
to northwest. Seeking to understand the role of the jet stream
anomaly in this new pattern and consequently, the influence on the
Southeast region of Brazil, simultaneous and early correlations
were made. The change in the jet stream behavior exert more
influence on the circulation of the North Atlantic. A series of
tests was realized and results suggest that the cyclonic anomalies
observed over SA are correlated with the Pacific North American
(PNA) pattern.",
committee = "Calheiros, Alan James Peixoto (presidente) and Ferreira, Nelson
Jesuz (orientador) and Pereira filho, Augusto Jos{\'e}",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Variability of water vapor connections derived from GOES and
METEOSAT satellites and the tropospheric circulation in South
America",
language = "pt",
pages = "99",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3LJQ4EP",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3LJQ4EP",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}